You’ve heard of olive oil, avocado oil, sunflower oil — but have you tried kulim oil? Chances are, this obscure cooking companion has evaded your awareness for some time now. Made from the rare and indigenous kulim fruit of Malaysia, kulim oil is a niche product that’s only recently been brought to market.

Oylhaus, a local business that’s put this rarity on the map, acknowledges that it’s not something one sees every day. “Kulim isn’t widely known, even in Malaysia,” said Desmond Chan, one of the founders of Oylhaus. “Kulim trees are typically found in the deep, dense forests of Peninsular Malaysia such as Perak and Pahang. They thrive in undisturbed tropical rainforests, which is why the fruit remains relatively unknown to many urban locals.”

For those who are unfamiliar, the kulim fruit — known scientifically as Scorodocarpus borneensis — may look pedestrian. It has a tough, brown, woody shell that encapsulates hard, white flesh. But what the eye may not appreciate, the nose definitely can. “Both the outer shell and inner flesh are rich in the fruit’s signature truffle and garlic aroma,” shared Desmond.

Touted by the Michelin guide as a possible alternative to truffle, this “jungle garlic” is now being added to the menus of prominent Malaysian restaurants. Kuala Lumpur noodle bar, Fifty Tales, contemporary fusion restaurant, Café Bistrot David, and wine bar, Copaa, have all incorporated this heritage ingredient into some of their dishes.

This is perhaps because the kulim fruit pairs well with nearly everything, from roasted vegetables to grilled meat, pasta dishes, and even bread and cheeses. “It adds depth to dishes and brings a subtle umami taste that’s hard to replicate with other ingredients,” said Desmond. “It tastes like truffle and garlic, with earthy, mushroom-like undertones similar to shitake.”

But not only does the kulim offer a unique flavor profile that encapsulates an indigenous legacy, but it also offers a host of health benefits too. An ingredient in traditional medicines, kulim is known for its antibacterial properties that can help with kidney, digestive, and respiratory issues. Desmond added that it could help reduce inflammation as well.

“It’s a resource that reflects the rich biodiversity of Malaysia’s tropical forests,” he concluded. “Although it doesn't have a widespread cultural presence, it’s deeply appreciated by those who live in the forest regions.”

With all these benefits, one begins to wonder: why is it so hard to find? As gourmands and scientists see a rising interest in this local fruit, Desmond explained the difficulties in growing kulim. Firstly, kulim trees require undisturbed tropical conditions in order for them to thrive — this, we know, is a rarity in most developed and developing countries.

“Additionally, its harvest is entirely dependent on when the fruit naturally falls from the trees, making it difficult to cultivate or mass produce,” Desmond pointed out. Kulim fruits are not farmed commercially and its strong flavor may be unfamiliar or unrelatable to Malaysians.

What Oylhaus is doing now is infusing the flavor of the harvested kulim fruit — which they source from the Orang Asli people — into a neutral base oil. “We ensure that only naturally fallen fruits are collected, avoiding any harm to the trees or their ecosystems,” Desmond emphasized. “By purchasing these fruits, we help create a demand that supports these communities, while also practicing sustainability.”

At the moment, Oylhaus only offers their signature kulim oil, though Desmond did hint at additional infused oils in the future. Of course, they’ll also be highlighting local ingredients in order to highlight the rich culinary diversity they are so proud of. “We’re also looking into developing new product lines such as seasoning or sauces,” he added.

You and the whole family can now visit Johor Zoo again, as the beloved attraction has announced its reopening with upgraded facilities! This follows the zoo’s closure in 2020 to make way for renovation efforts.

Scheduled to open on Aug. 31, in time for Merdeka Day, Johor Zoo is set to delight locals and tourists with a greener and more vibrant space that houses over 275 animals from 53 species, including mammals, reptiles, primates, and birds.

Both kids and adults are guaranteed to enjoy the newly revamped zoo, as it is now equipped with a larger parking area, a kids’ playground, upgraded walkways, and a new souvenir center.

To celebrate its opening, Johor Zoo is giving a 50% discount for Malaysian citizens and free entrance for children, senior citizens, and people with disabilities (OKU) from Aug. 31 to Sept. 30.

After the promotion period, regular tickets will be priced at RM10 (Malaysian citizens), RM5 (children above five years old and senior citizens), and RM30 (foreigners). Meanwhile, tickets for children under five years old and OKU cardholders will remain free.

Johor Zoo, formerly known as Kebun Binatang, first opened in 1928, making it Malaysia’s oldest zoo.

For more information on the newly improved Johor Zoo, follow its official Facebook and Instagram pages.

Location: Zoo Johor, Jalan Gertak Merah, Johor Bahru, Malaysia

Operating hours: 9 AM to 6 PM

Nik Suzila “Suzy” Binti Nik Hassan and Sarahah “Sarah” Binti Hj Kedah are two friends who dreamt of changing the world. Now, having spent over ten years as entrepreneurs for the sustainable social enterprise, Kloth Circularity, Suzy and Sarah have realized that it is possible.

What started out as an organization aimed at contributing to circular economy efforts has boomed into an international movement that involves people in Malaysia, Singapore, Australia, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). They own an umbrella of brands that include Kloth Wear, where loose plastic bottles have been recycled into rPET textiles and made into clothing and merchandise, Kloth Cares, which sees the recycling of both plastic and textiles, and Kloth Woman Up, a movement that empowers marginalized women to produce upcycled merchandise for sale.

Kloth Circularity has even collaborated with production engineer, Sangeeta Mohan Das, to produce an innovative plastic reverse vending machine. Called the Crush-It, this incredible contraption facilitates effective plastic and aluminum collection, gathers data, and ensures that waste is maintained at its highest quality.

Today, The Beat Asia speaks to both Suzy and Sarah on the realization of both their dreams and their community.

What were your backgrounds before you established Kloth Circularity in 2013? How did you meet and come up with the idea?

Suzy: We were both studying at the same university pursuing Bachelor of Accounting degrees and we've been good friends since we were 19 years old.

Since our late 20s, both of us have been questioning ourselves regarding our employment life. While we were happy, we were not content. We felt the urge to explore something more exciting such as entrepreneurship. It only happened when both of us attended the World Marketing Summit 2013 in Putrajaya, Malaysia. We were inspired by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) agenda, especially sustainable textiles and recycling clothing, and wanted to be part of the ecosystem.

Sarah: Inspired by the speakers and by the event, we established a social enterprise dedicated to balancing people, planet, and profit through the principles of the circular economy. We discovered that plastic waste can be recycled into stunning fabrics and clothing, creating a sustainable solution to a global problem.

Was it difficult breaking into the Malaysian market at this time? If so, what were the hurdles and how did you overcome it?

Sarah: Fabric waste and recycling in Malaysia have rarely been highlighted and are almost unheard of, with textile waste accounting for only 5% of landfill content compared to food, plastic, and paper waste. Acknowledging the risks, we created the Kloth Cares Fabric Recycling Movement with the tagline 'Join the Movement and Keep Fabric Out of Incinerators and Landfills’ setting a target to collect 188,000 kg of unwanted textiles within 18 months. Surprisingly, we achieved this goal within 11 months, and we realized it was just the beginning.

We are truly amazed by the public’s response, and we can confidently say that the Kloth Cares Fabric Recycling Movement has successfully changed the mindset from merely donating fabrics to actively recycling them.

Kloth Circularity has a lot of different arms under its umbrella – how do you manage it all?

Sarah: At Kloth, the success of managing its various arms under one umbrella is supported by our strong teamwork and collaborative partnerships. We believe in leveraging each other's strengths and complementing each other's skills to drive the organization forward. Suzy and I prioritize clear communication, regular strategic meetings, and a shared vision to ensure all team members are aligned with Kloth’s goals.

Suzy: Two years ago, we formed Kloth Singapore and currently are expanding our business and sustainable partners’ network. It is exciting but can be challenging and nerve-wracking too. I learned that I need to get enough sleep because when we sleep well, we manage ourselves and our responsibilities better.

How were you able to grow so quickly in the 2020s considering there was a pandemic?

Suzy: Prior to the pandemic, we only had 3 brands, Kloth Textile, Kloth Wear, and Kloth Cares. During the pandemic, we saw an opportunity to further our environmental and social impact through the launch of Kloth Woman Up. This initiative aims to help women from marginalized communities generate additional income by empowering them to sew upcycled products. Our first upcycled product, the Kloth Face Mask, saw the production and sale of over 15,000 reusable face masks. In 2022, we registered Kloth Singapore and Australia too, with the hope we can broaden our advocacy and social enterprise business into different markets.

All founders need to be bold to try something new. I believe that if you want different results, you must do things differently or try new things. Discuss with your partner and team. It always seems to be the case that the founders want expansion, but they don't acknowledge the staffing issues.

Are there different attitudes to plastic/recycling/sustainability in MY, SG, AUS, and UAE? If so, what are they?

Suzy: By and large, there is no difference between MY, SG, and UAE citizens. People know they have to recycle and mostly want to. However, the challenge is fabric bin or pick service accessibility or availability.

Moreover, most people presume that unwanted clothing will be donated to marginalized and struggling communities, without taking into consideration factors such as quality, style, cultural sensitivity, size, etc. It’s remarkable that people want to “do good” through fabric donations, However, a lot of them recycle without having in-depth knowledge of how the recycling industry works.

Sarah: Convenience is a key factor for the community when it comes to recycling. This means having easy access to fabric recycling bins and the ability to mix clothing items so long as they are clean. Recycling textiles and clothing is perceived as easier than recycling food and plastic waste because these items often come from clothes that are no longer wearable or from overfilled closets, making them readily available for recycling.

Community members are more likely to engage in recycling efforts if they know that their items will go through textile recycling streams such as reuse, repurpose, and upcycle, with recycling being the last resort.

Kloth is involved in a lot of record-setting achievements. What inspires you guys to push the envelope? What records are you looking forward to setting in the coming future?

Suzy: Thank you! Firstly, I enjoy and believe what we do at Kloth, both for the environment and social sustainability. Looking back, I tried many things, studied accounting, worked in an audit firm, and then a stockbroking firm and joined the media industry. At 33, I found Kloth and found my purpose too. I know what I like and don’t like. I like the circular economy and entrepreneurship and it moves me.

For Kloth Cares, we pledge to collect 4,000,000 kg of unwanted textiles and clothing on a yearly basis. Last year, we only managed to collect 3.1 million kg. We want to fulfill our pledge of 4 million kg this year and perhaps in 2025, it will be 5 million kg and more.

Sarah: Firstly, we aim to expand our textile recycling efforts, setting a record of 4,000,000 kg of fabric waste diverted from landfills and repurposed into new products. We also aspire to set records in community engagement, particularly with local marginalized women, empowering them through our collaborative partnerships and initiatives.

According to Baida Hercus, the vice president and founder of Free Tree Society, much of Malaysia is in need of green spaces. Born in Sabah, the half-Malaysian and half-Australian national carries much compassion for the living, which is ultimately what brought her to founding the charitable organization best known for handing out free seedlings and plants during environmental holidays.

“When I set up Free Tree Society I wanted to achieve two main goals,” shared Baida. “First, the greening of our urban environment and second to create a society of like-minded individuals.” Since the start of her journey at Bangsar Nursery, Baida and her team have given away over 63,000 trees and have educated over 51,000 people about the eco-system and its importance to our lives.

The Beat Asia caught up with Baida herself to find out more about the state of conservation in Malaysia – and why green spaces are ultimately so much more fulfilling than concrete roads and paved parkways.

How was the Free Tree Society founded?

Life is a learning journey and many urbanites have missed out on gardening and caring for the planet because of the city’s built environment. There is too much concrete everywhere, with people choosing to pave over their gardens. Human-tree conflict is a real thing, people are scared of beautiful trees because they drop leaves on their cars, for example.

Ultimately, the Free Tree Society wants to create a community that values our precious environment before it is lost. We have over 1700 flora and fauna threatened with extinction here in Malaysia and we still have some of the highest rates of deforestation in the world. We cannot expect a healthy future at the expense of plundering nature for the benefit of a few.

Do most Malaysians have space for a garden or growing plants in KL? How about in other parts of the country?

People can contribute to nature or rewilding anywhere. It could be a garden, a balcony, school grounds or communal space, an adopted grass verge outside by the roadside, or space by an office building.

In the city, too much bare concrete is so ugly. And it is hot and sterile, who wants to live in a world without birdsong and butterflies?

We know for certain that we cannot continue as we are, encroaching on all the green spaces and overdeveloping them. One of the ways you can help is to speak up about the protection of green spaces, and land conversions - the popular new one is conversion to Mixed Development. We have a glut of development to our detriment. The overdevelopment is not benefiting Malaysians in the ways that matter.

What are your best tips on how to garden or grow plants? How does one become a green thumb?

Come and take part in one of our free workshops! Once you learn how to make healthy soil and learn the basics of growing and caring for plants your thumb will automatically turn green. Like any other topic, gardening is just a skill with knowledge that you need to learn. Start with the basics and keep mastering the art.

What are some of Malaysia’s endemic trees and what makes them special to the ecosystem in the country?

The Intsia palembanica, more commonly known as pokok merbau or Bornean teak. It was chosen as Malaysia's national tree because of its high commercial value. The tree, when chopped down as commercial wood, can fetch a high price.

But when you do not chop this tree down it will instead support the most important animal in the world, the bee. In Malaysia, it is the stingless honey bee, the kelulut. They visit flowers across the jungle and aid in pollination and they also build their nest in the merbau tree. In fact, the merbau is considered sacred to some Orang Asli because of this relationship - they will not chop down trees that bees nest in due to the very important role of bees in the ecosystem.

Pangium edule, is another tree. It's also called the football fruit tree and the fruit is actually poisonous but, through a month-long fermentation process, it becomes edible and is known in Peranakan cooking as buah keluak. Malaysia now gets its processed buah keluak from Indonesia, which seems a shame that we are losing this traditional food heritage knowledge on how to process the fruit.

In your opinion, is the Malaysian government doing enough for conservation? What is the state of conservation like in your country?

Most countries are lacking when it comes to protection of land and sea areas. Malaysia, because of the way it is governed, struggles more than other SEA countries to protect its forests. At this point in the climate crisis, we should have protected more of our old-growth forests many years ago. We only have approximately 18% of primary forests left. Most of what our government counts as forest cover are tree plantations that lack biodiversity, such as land for tigers and elephants. We have far too many animals on the endangered list to be comfortable with equating monoculture plantations to forests as it gives a false sense of accountability.

How do young Malaysians view sustainability or nature conservation? Does their viewpoint give you hope?

We have been in school classrooms where it is clear that some of the kids have never touched dirt - they start with a look of absolute revulsion. But once they see their friends elbow-deep in the soil and having fun, they get over their aversion and join in - we just remind our participants that they can wash their hands after. And they love it.

Many of us today have grown up in a concrete jungle, many now living in apartments in the city where a natural connection with nature is often missing. We don’t let kids touch dirt because it's dirty. Disassociation with nature is at the heart of the problem.

However, jobs in sustainability are also growing. When older students understand this, it helps them to forge a path forward, and to marry their dreams with a sustainability twist giving them a leading edge in today’s job market. As a knowledge-sharing organization hoping to bring about societal change, having this feedback from former volunteers is incredibly rewarding.